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Q1.

Question was asked by: Alex Belakovsky (USA)

What is God? Why we are here?

Answer:

 You have asked two most complex questions, which pestered humanity during all his history.

The answer to the first question depends on religious and philosophic mindsets, which keeps this or that man or the absence of such ones.
So, for an atheist the God doesn’t exist at all. But atheism collide with several most difficult problems: 
1. An explanation of the reason for origin of the Universe.
2. An explanation of the reasonable arrangement of the Universe.
3. An explanation of how from The Total Primary Chaos had arisen all arrangement of the Universe and from inanimate nature there had arisen all Live, in that number all sapient beings and a man.
 
For a theist – the God is a Superior Being, which created the all existing world and governs it, but finds Himself beyond it. This is so-called attribute of transcendence.
 
For a pantheist – the God is the whole World, surrounding us, pantheist identifies and unites God and the whole world. 
 
For panentheist – the God is a World, which constitutes part of the God Himself, that is, this is Absolute Personality, which comprises
Universe in Himself, but Who is bigger than this Universe.
 
For a deist – God is the Superior Being, which created the Universe,  
 but allowed it to develop further itself, and according to deism the God 
          also doesn’t interfere in the human history.
 
For an osnovist ( follower of the Religion of Basis) – the God a creative non-material Idea, which exists eternally, and thanks to which our Universe had arisen. 
Despite of external likelihood of Religion of Basis with deism, it is far of it, as deism is purely materialistic world outlook, that contradicts to religion as such one. 
 
According to data of information agency Washington ProFile about 36% of American believers think that God is a man, 1% - a woman, 37% have an opinion that Creator is “not a man and not a woman”, 10% -God is “man and woman simultaneously”. 18% felt themselves embarrassed with the answer to this question.
 
9% of believers think that God looks like a man, that is, He has hands, legs, head, etc. 41% consider that God is able periodically take a human form, and 27% suggested a hypothesis that Creator is not humanlike at all.
 
For the answer to the second question it is necessary to address to anthropic principle. 
It says about all physical laws and fundamental world constants, peculiar to our Universe, are such, that they made it possible an appearance of Life, and therefore, people, which asks such questions as you.
If these constants were little others, then life in Universe couldn’t arise, and moreover, the Universe itself couldn’t arise.
This principle also speaks of the inconsistency of atheism.    
 

Q2.

Question was asked by: Alexander Boyko (Canada).

What do the following terms mean – theism, deism, pantheism, panentheism and monotheism?

Answer:

 Monotheism – is a compound word, generically coming from two Greek words: monos  – one, the only one and theos – god, and means belief in one god.

Religions, based on the belief in one God, are called monotheistic ones. 

 

The Religion of Basis is a monotheistic religion.

 

Theism – (from the Greek word theos – god) is a religious perception of the world, coming from understanding of God as an absolute personality, which finds itself out of the Universe, had freely created it and acts in it. 

The admission of God as being of the world beyond - distinguishes theism from pantheism, and admission of incessant activity of God – from deism.

Theism is the most characteristic fro the three religions – Judaism, Christianity and Islam.

This term at first was entered into usage by R. Cadwort. 

 

Deism (from Latin word deus – god)

At the present time the term “deism” is usually understood as belief in the High Being, which after creation of the Universe leaves it to develop in accordance with the inherent, primordially installed Laws and trends.

In the more specific historical sense it is “belief in that God exists, but not manifests itself in the usual course of events in the Nature and human History”.  

Deism was created by thinkers of the Age of Enlightenment and played the important role in the development of Western society at the 17th to 18th centuries, however, the serious drawback of this concept was a fulcrum on the rough mechanistic materialism, characteristic for all this epoch of the Enlightenment. 

 

Pantheism – the religious and philosophical teaching, which identifies God and Universe. It is contra posed to deism. Its devoted followers were B. Spinoza, G. V. F. Hegel, I. V. Goethe, J. Bruno. 

 

Panentheism - the religious and philosophical teaching, according to which the Universe abides in God, but His Being is bigger than Universe and is not reduced to it. 

 

 

It represents by itself a synthesis of theism and some other ideas of pantheism. The present term is entered into usage by K. Krause (1828). 

 


Q3.

The question was asked by: Victor Tziper (Germany).

The First Law postulates a possibility of the change of Perfection. But You see, if the Perfection is really perfect, that is, absolutely perfect, then one of its attributes there must be existence of the absolutely reliable protection from any changes. Thus, the statement “Choice changes Perfection” contains internal contradictions – the real Perfection can not be changed according to definition. The any possibility of change of the Perfection witnesses that a given state of being was not a Perfection from the very beginning. 

Please, give the definition to the Perfection.
Answer:

According to accepted definition the Perfection is a “fullness of all merits”. 

It is used in idioms like “top of perfection”, “to reach perfection in some field”, 
“thing, more perfect than another”, - all these concepts mean that perfection has another set of parameters of Reality as multi-dimensional being, but not as invariable ideal.  
 
Already in the idiom “top of perfection” one can detect not an absolute character of the perfection, but some comparative degree.  
 
In the Religion of Basis there appears a necessity in the introduction of other definitions of Perfection. In the Consequence 5 such definition is given in relation to Total Primary Chaos (TPC), as containing the fullest set of all possible variants of development of the Universe, and therefore, to the Perfection of TPC is attached an absolute character, and all other possible perfections are in relation to it the particular ones or of more lower level ones.
 
It is evident, that choice out of TPC of any variant of the development changes this perfection and transfers it to another lower level.
In the Consequences 6 and 7 there are given also other formulations of the First Law on Perfection, which in the light of above said must be now more comprehensible.

Q4.

Question was asked by: Dadashev Issa (Russia).

I am interested in the role of religious system in Tunisia.

Answer:

 Before year 1956 Tunisia was a protectorate of France. In 1956 the Tunisia declared its independence and President Habib Burgiba established one party government.

The state arrangement of Tunisia is a republic.
Burgiba’s rule continued 31 years, and was characterized with that he suppressed activity of Islamic fundamentalists and had given rights to women, unheard of in the Arabic world. 
 
At the present time Tunisia pursues a moderate policy of non-alignment in its relations with foreign countries.
However, inside the country there are strengthened requirements of the bigger political openness. Tunisia’s population numbers about 10 millions, in which Arabs comprise a majority of 98%, Europeans 1% and Jews and other nationals comprise 1%. 
Believers are distributed according to ethnic groups: 98% Muslims – Sunnites, 1% are Christians and 1% are Jews and others. Tunisia is differs from other Arabic countries with relative faith toleration and extremist manifestations of the religious intolerance are punished by law. 
 
So, for example, the Islamic fundamental party “El Nahda” (Revival) is declared an outlaw one.
 
In the country there are two languages – official Arabic and French for carrying out of trade negotiations. 
 
The legal system of Tunisia is based on the French system of civil law and Laws of Koran, however, there is envisioned a revision of legal laws in the law court. This revision can be carried out by joint session of the Supreme Court


Q6.

Please, state examples of preservation of the earlier religious ideas and conceptions in the consciousness of the contemporary man.

Answer:

 Religion is one of the very stable and firm, if not a most stable manifestation of the human spirit, and, therefore not only earlier, but also very earlier religious ideas and conceptions preserve themselves in the consciousness of the contemporary man.

 
Even people with “confirmed” scientific contribution in society may have superstitions, and this is nothing other as manifestation of totemism, animism and magic, which had arisen at least 35,000 – 70,000 years ago at the period of lower Paleolithic age and earlier, preserved themselves until now and will continue to exist. 
 
The other manifestation of very earlier religious ideas and conceptions is a belief in a reincarnation, and though most of contemporary people doesn’t believe in it, we all nevertheless, including atheists, bury our dead relatives in the ground or place their ashes and remains in urns in columbarium, which is an unconscious manifestation  of belief in the life of spirit and in reincarnation of the deceased, as the burial independently of do we want it or no – it’s a religious ritual, which came to us, may be, from   antiquity of about 200,000 years.
 
So, if you, Irina, would meet such militant atheist like V. L. Ginsburg, then ask him did he ever buried any of close relatives, and if yes, then, please, explain to him, that he is an inconsistent atheist and he absolutely doesn’t understand and know the religion.  
 
And, finally, inside of religions themselves there are rituals and traditions – fundamental principles, coming from more ancient rituals and traditions.
So, for example, in the Christianity, despite that it is a monotheistic religion, one of sacraments – receiving communion ( Holy Communion), when Christians according to Jesus Christ’s Commandment partake of His Blood and Body as unleavened bread (wafer) and wine, is a ritual, whose prototype takes its beginning from pagan traditions, which it their turn have thousands of years.
 
Of course, and sacrifices in different religions are nothing other than pagan heritage. 

Q7.

What are the objectives of religion?

Answer:

 

Religion as a generalized concept, which designate the social phenomenon and / or a world outlook of people in the relation to sacral (holy) things, can’t have any objectives.
This can be seen from the given designation of religion.
From here it becomes understandable the absurdity of definitions by Soviet power and communists of religion as “opium for people” or by V. L. Ginzburg as “obscurantism”, - in the spirit of communists.

The quite other thing is when you speak of some specific religion.
As a rule, religions have their certain purposes, which can be realized by certain people or organizations (churches).

As a rule, because for example, such thin and elusive religion as Zen- 
Buddhism, doesn’t suppose formulation of some visible and rough purposes, approved on the West and strives for to some philosophic – psychological state, which is called Enlightenment (uh, satori), reached by different methods.
They can be considerations over dialogs, stripped of sense from the point of view of uninitiated (ven-do, mondo) or questions (goon-an, koan).

In the primary Buddhism, created by Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) it was possible to designate more clear purposes, which were expressed in the especially individual efforts for the achievement of Enlightenment and, in the final result, - Nirvana – loss of sense of the individual being and absence of the desires by means of practicing meditation and thus, - liberation from sufferings.
Realization of these, seemingly such elusive purposes led to that Buddhism became a world religion, and now its followers count more than 300 million people.

But there are two purposes, which almost all religions are striving for – more wide dissemination and influence.        
Almost all religions, because there is one more exclusion. It relates, in its turn, to Judaism.

Judaism from the very beginning was the religion of one people. This can be explained by that creation of this monotheistic religion, in which the main role was performed by Yahweh – the God alone, Creator and Lord of the Universe, was a revolutionary event, an extraordinary one.

Thus, at that time it was quite logically to suppose that people which “created” the God alone, has with Him, at least, confidential relations.
And from here it was not far to form idea of “Testament” – of union, covenant of the people with God, in which Jews act as carriers of the Holy Revelation.

This idea – purpose played double role in the history of Judaism: despite its revolutionary character it has strongly limited access to this religion for other people.
But namely this purpose helped Jews to remain themselves during of four thousands years.

A creation of the Bible in Judaism (Old Testament in the Western terminology)
led to that Judaism during many ages remained a great religion, which served the basis for the emergence of two world religions – Christianity and Islam and laid spiritual, moral, ethical and ideological foundations of the Western civilizations.

Having realized this limitation, Saul – Paul, creating Christian Church, pursued his main purpose – to have an instrument for dissemination of Christianity and with this purpose he introduced three new laws in relation to Judaism, canceling Jewish ones, the generalization of which was that any man and, above all, a pagan can become a Christian.

In the aftermath, the Christian sect from Jewish very quickly during 20-25 years turned into purely Christian one, and Romans ceased to see Jews in Christians and separated them into a particular religion, not connected with any nationality.     
Still more after 250 years after Paul was executed, the Roman empire will be ruled by a Christian.

And then Church, being converted from victim into winner, will put a new objective before itself – actively struggle for power.

Today on Earth we can count about 2 billions of Christians, 1 billion of Muslims, 700 million of Hinduism adepts and about 14 million people, professing Judaism.